Anti-Ulcer activity of “Pungam Ver Chooranam” (Pongamia Pinnata.Linn) & Anti-Urolithiatic activity of “Vediyuppu Cheyaneer”

ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITY OF “PUNGAM VER CHOORANAM”(Pongamia pinnata.linn): Pungam ver choornam is a herbal drug. The raw material for the preparation of the drug is easily available everywhere and the preparation of the drug is so easy. ❖ Siddha literature has evidence which justifies the use of pungam ver in the treatment of Gunma noi. Standardization of the drug through physiochemical, preliminary phytochemical, biochemical, toxicological and pharmacognostic studies. ❖ The acute toxicological studies revealed that the drug is non toxic even a maximum tolerable dose of 5000mg/kg and hence the drug was very safe for human consumption. ❖ The antiulcer activity conducted in experimental animal models shows the drug was very effective in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. ❖ The clinical study conducted in the outpatient and inpatient PG Gunapadam department includes 50 patients all the patients were investigated for routine urine analysis, blood analysis and endoscopy. The results of the clinical study shows excellent results. ❖ To summarise, this study has paved way to explore and standardize the herbal drug in various phases of preclinical and clinical trial and to establish its antiulcer activity through experimental animals for the benefit of social cause. CONCLUSION: Although in most of the cases the etiology of the ulcer is unknown, it is generally accepted the peptic ulcer disease may result from an imbalance between aggressive factors and the maintenance of mucosal integrity through endogenous defense mechanism. To regain the balance different therapeutic agents including plant extracts and mineral preparations were indicated in Siddha system of Medicine. A long back years ago Siddhar’s have classically classified the etiology, signs and symptoms and the curative range of the disease. ❖ Pungam ver choornam is one of the classical herbal drug, based on the literature evidence the drug was selected and the present study was focussed to evaluate its antiulcerogenic potential both preclinically and clinically. The authenticity of the drug was standardized through pharmacognostic study. The preparation of the drug was standardized. The physical characters was established through physio chemical analysis. Presence of secondary metabolites is confirmed through preliminary phyto chemical analysis. Various essential elements like magnesium, potassium, zinc, carbonates were evaluated through bio chemical assay. ❖ The acute toxicity studies revealed that the drug is non toxic even at a maximum dose. The anti ulcer activity was established in experimental animal models. The results shows a positive antiulcer property. ❖ Clinical study was carried out in 50 patients in OP and IP post graduate department. The clinical study results shows that there is a remarkable decrease in signs and symptoms of the disease. During the course of the clinical study there is no clinically significant adverse effect. From the above results it is concluded that the herbal drug pungam ver choornam is very effective in the treatment of Gunma noi. ANTI-UROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF “VEDIYUPPU CHEYANEER”: Based on strong literature evidence in Siddha text a compound mineral preparation vediyuppu cheyaneer was selected for the trial with lemon juice as an adjuvant to establish its activity in the treatment of renal calculi. Collection of relevant literature evidances from various siddha texts and modern texts for the ingredients used in the preparation of vediyuppu cheyaneer which claims support as an lithontriptic agent. ❖ The trial drug was subjected to various studies through which the efficacy of the drug is proved. ❖ The preparation of the drug and the physical character of the drug was standardized. ❖ The chemical analysis shows the presence of various essential elements like Potassium, Magnesium, Calcium, Sodium, Phosphorus and sulphur. ❖ The acute and sub acute toxicological studies proved that the drug is non toxic. ❖ The pharmacological studies conducted in experimental animal models reveals that the drug has effective anti urolithiatic activity. The diuretic activity of the drug was also very well established. ❖ Clinical study was conducted in 50 patients of which 40 patients were treated in the outpatient and 10 patients in the inpatient post graduate department of Gunapadam. The results of the clinical study showed its efficacy in treating urolithiasis. No clinically sifnificant adverse reactions were reported or observed during the course of the study. CONCLUSION: Urinary super saturation with respect to stone forming constituents is generally considered to be one of the causative factors in calculogenisis. Today lithotripsy or surgery is the only available treatment for renal calculi though the adverse effect of the treatment is very high. To overcome these ill effects, a drug which inhibits calculogenisis and having lower side effects with high success rates and safety profile is an excellent choice for renal calculi. Hence in the present study the drug vediyuppu cheyaneer with lime juice as an adjuvant is taken for trial Vediyuppu cheyaneer is a compound mineral preparation which belongs to higher order of medicine in Siddha system since its shelf life is high and has high efficacy. To support this there is strong literature evidence in the Siddha texts. ❖ The preparation of the drug was standardized and the drug was standardized through physio-chemical and bio-chemical studies. ❖ The acute and sub-acute toxicity studies had been evaluated in the drug which shows no harmful or toxic effects and so the drug is considered safe for human consumption. It is also well clear from the histopathological studies which reveals that there are no toxic symptoms in acute and sub-acute studies. The anti urolithiatic activity was very well established in EG induced animal models the results shows a strong evidance for antilithiatic activity. Diuretic activity was also done in animal models which proves that the drug has a strong diuretic activity. ❖ The clinical study conducted in 50 patients proved that the drug vediyuppu cheyaneer is very effective in the treatment of renal calculi. The overall compliance of the drug was good. No clinically significant adverse reaction were reported during the course of the study. ❖ From the above studies it is concluded that the drug vediyuppu cheyaneer with lime juice as an adjuvant is an excellent remedy for renal calculi as it dissolves and expels the stones and considerable reduction in overall signs and symptoms. ❖ Further studies are required to establish the mechanism of action as an antiurolithiatic agent